---
title: She did not come back at sunset; then her parents believed that the… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: She did not come back at sunset; then her parents believed that the war chief had carried away his bride; but the next day he came asking for Leelinaw or his gifts. Who acts: Leelinaw, parents, deerskin. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 28

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She did not come back at sunset; then her parents believed that the war chief had carried away his bride; but the next day he came asking for Leelinaw or his gifts.

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**Who acts:** Leelinaw, parents, deerskin · **What happens:** not come back, believe, carry away, come, ask, gift · **To what, where:** war chief · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leelinaw, parents, deerskin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:48:28
# text = She did not come back at sunset; then her parents believed that the war chief had carried away his bride; but the next day he came asking for Leelinaw or his gifts.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	bride	bride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl:unmarked	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
29	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	xcomp	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Leelinaw	Leelinaw	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
32	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **come back** | past · do-support | Leelinaw |  |  |  | sunset |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **believe** | past | Leelinaw's parents |  |  |  | then |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **carry away** | past · perfect · passive |  | the war chief |  |  |  | deerskin's bride *obj*; away *property* | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary bride=Value |
| 4 | **come** | past | deerskin |  |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | deerskin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for Leelinaw or deerskin's gifts | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **gift** |  | deerskin |  |  |  |  |  | nom gift «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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