---
title: The father gave back his gifts to the war chief, for Leelinaw could… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The father gave back his gifts to the war chief, for Leelinaw could not be found. Who acts: father, deerskin. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 30

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The father gave back his gifts to the war chief, for Leelinaw could not be found.

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**Who acts:** father, deerskin · **What happens:** give back, not find, gift · **To what, where:** gifts, war chief, Leelinaw

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, deerskin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:48:30
# text = The father gave back his gifts to the war chief, for Leelinaw could not be found.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	Leelinaw	Leelinaw	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give back** | past | the father | deerskin's gifts | the war chief |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent gift=Theme to chief=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **find** | could · passive |  | Leelinaw |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 3 | **gift** |  | deerskin |  |  |  |  |  | nom gift «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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