---
title: “I am ready,” he said very soon, and the old chief led the Chippewa… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: “I am ready,” he said very soon, and the old chief led the Chippewa to the door. Who acts: Chippewa, old chief. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIV. the White Stone Canoe, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIV. the White Stone Canoe, sentence 40

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“I am ready,” he said very soon, and the old chief led the Chippewa to the door.

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**Who acts:** Chippewa, old chief · **What happens:** be, say, lead · **To what, where:** Chippewa, door · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIV. the White Stone Canoe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chippewa, old chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:49:40
# text = “I am ready,” he said very soon, and the old chief led the Chippewa to the door.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Chippewa	Chippewa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Chippewa |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Chippewa |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lead** | past | the old chief | the Chippewa |  | the door |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent chippewa=Theme to door=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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