---
title: Books in the Indian Language — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · full text with trees
description: Books in the Indian Language, «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd: the whole chapter, every sentence with its dependency tree and pragmatics. It begins: John Eliot, of Massachusetts, published the first Indian Bible.
---

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# Books in the Indian Language

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Books in the Indian Language of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd: the whole text, 24 sentences and 470 words. The small number after every sentence leads to its own page with its syntax tree and pragmatics, parsed by Mova itself.

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John Eliot, of Massachusetts, published the first Indian Bible.[1](1/ "tree and pragmatics") This and other Bibles and books in the Indian languages may be seen in the larger city libraries.[2](2/ "tree and pragmatics")

The Indians had no printed languages with letters before the white man came; their painted or carved picture-writing meant much to them.[3](3/ "tree and pragmatics") Their teepees were covered with histories of the battles their owners had fought, but they had no books of “talking leaves.”[4](4/ "tree and pragmatics")

Se-quoyah, a Georgia Indian half-breed, was a modern Cadmus to his people.[5](5/ "tree and pragmatics") He invented a perfect alphabet of over eighty letters for his native Cherokee language, and by his own zeal inspired his nation with a love for written words.[6](6/ "tree and pragmatics") His paper was birch bark; his ink the juices of berries and weeds.[7](7/ "tree and pragmatics")

He hated the white people, for his white father had basely deserted his mother when Se-quoyah was a helpless babe.[8](8/ "tree and pragmatics") His mother’s father was a proud chief, and the grandson seems to have inherited his spirit.[9](9/ "tree and pragmatics")

Se-quoyah never learned to read or to write a word or a letter of English, and his anger was aroused when he saw one of his tribe reading a book made by the hated white people; Se-quoyah then declared he would make as good a one for the Cherokees, and he did.[10](10/ "tree and pragmatics")

He listened for sounds while his people talked.[11](11/ "tree and pragmatics") He became a silent student and lost or forgot his old warlike spirit.[12](12/ "tree and pragmatics") He sat beside his doorway and marked upon bark.[13](13/ "tree and pragmatics") His people pitied him, for he did not fight.[14](14/ "tree and pragmatics") At last he called a council; he wrote on bark and gave the writing to his little daughter, who had been taught by him to read.[15](15/ "tree and pragmatics") She read it and did as the writing commanded; the test was tried many times.[16](16/ "tree and pragmatics")

This caused great excitement; young men came in scores to learn of him; they forgot hunting and war for letter-writing.[17](17/ "tree and pragmatics") The white missionaries adopted his letters and made a Bible which was read by all these Indian students.[18](18/ "tree and pragmatics") The nation became civilized in a short time, and the first printing press sent to an Indian tribe was that sent about 1820 by the United States government to the Cherokees.[19](19/ "tree and pragmatics") The type was cast in Cherokee characters, the same that Se-quoyah had invented.[20](20/ "tree and pragmatics")

A marble bust of Se-quoyah adorns the council house in Tahlequah, the capital of Indian Territory, where this tribe was sent after gold was found on their reservation in Georgia.[21](21/ "tree and pragmatics") They knew the value of these mines, but the white man’s power was stronger than theirs, and they had to leave homes and wealth for a strange new land.[22](22/ "tree and pragmatics")

Sequoia, the botanical name of the big trees of California, is the only memorial the white man has given this truly American genius.[23](23/ "tree and pragmatics")

Adapted from Smithsonian Report.[24](24/ "tree and pragmatics")

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