---
title: Se-quoyah never learned to read or to write a word or a letter of En… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Se-quoyah never learned to read or to write a word or a letter of English, and his anger was aroused when he saw one of his tribe reading a book made by the hated white people; Se-quoyah then declared he would make as good a one for the Cherokees, and he did. Who acts: Se quoyah, Georgia, tribe. A s
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Books in the Indian Language, sentence 10

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Se-quoyah never learned to read or to write a word or a letter of English, and his anger was aroused when he saw one of his tribe reading a book made by the hated white people; Se-quoyah then declared he would make as good a one for the Cherokees, and he did.

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**Who acts:** Se quoyah, Georgia, tribe · **What happens:** not learn, read, write, arouse, see, make · **To what, where:** word, anger, one, book, English · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Books in the Indian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Se quoyah, Georgia, tribe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:5:10
# text = Se-quoyah never learned to read or to write a word or a letter of English, and his anger was aroused when he saw one of his tribe reading a book made by the hated white people; Se-quoyah then declared he would make as good a one for the Cherokees, and he did.
1	Se	se	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	quoyah	quoyah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	aroused	arouse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	26	advmod	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	acl	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	_
35	by	by	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
37	hated	hate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	amod	_	_
38	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
41	Se	Se	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	quoyah	quoyah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
44	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	45	advmod	_	_
45	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
46	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
47	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	48	aux	_	_
48	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	ccomp	_	_
49	as	as	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	xcomp	_	_
51	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	48	xcomp	_	_
53	for	for	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	Cherokees	Cherokee	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	52	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
58	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	nsubj	_	_
59	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **learn** | past | Se quoyah |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **read** | to-infinitive | Se quoyah *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **write** | to-infinitive | Se quoyah *not said here* | a word or a letter of English |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 4 | **arouse** | past · passive |  | Georgia's anger |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 5 | **see** | past | Georgia | one of Georgia's tribe |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 6 | **read** | gerund | Georgia's tribe *not said here* | a book |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |
| 7 | **make** | participle |  | a book *not said here* |  |  |  | the hated white people *obl:agent* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 8 | **hate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 9 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | Se quoyah |  |  |  | then |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 10 | **make** | would | Georgia |  |  |  |  | a one for the Cherokees *xcomp*; good *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **do** | past | Georgia |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 12 | **letter** |  |  | English |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 13 | **anger** |  | Georgia |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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