---
title: He sat beside his doorway and marked upon bark. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He sat beside his doorway and marked upon bark. Who acts: Georgia. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Books in the Indian Language, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Books in the Indian Language, sentence 13

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He sat beside his doorway and marked upon bark.

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**Who acts:** Georgia · **What happens:** sit, mark · **To what, where:** doorway, bark

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Books in the Indian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Georgia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:5:13
# text = He sat beside his doorway and marked upon bark.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	doorway	doorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | Georgia |  |  | Georgia's doorway |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside doorway=Location |
| 2 | **mark** | participle | Georgia *not said here* |  |  | bark |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon bark=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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