---
title: They knew the value of these mines, but the white man’s power was st… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They knew the value of these mines, but the white man’s power was stronger than theirs, and they had to leave homes and wealth for a strange new land. Who acts: quoyah, power. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Books in the Indian Language, with its
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Books in the Indian Language, sentence 22

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They knew the value of these mines, but the white man’s power was stronger than theirs, and they had to leave homes and wealth for a strange new land.

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**Who acts:** quoyah, power · **What happens:** know, be, have, leave, value · **To what, where:** value, homes, mines

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Books in the Indian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (quoyah, power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:5:22
# text = They knew the value of these mines, but the white man’s power was stronger than theirs, and they had to leave homes and wealth for a strange new land.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’s	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
17	than	than	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	theirs	their	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
30	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | quoyah | the value of this mines |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer value=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | the white man's power |  |  |  |  | than quoyah; strong *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past | quoyah |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **leave** | to-infinitive | quoyah *not said here* | homes and wealth |  |  |  | for a strange new land | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent home=Theme for land=Recipient |
| 5 | **value** |  |  | this mines |  |  |  |  | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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