---
title: The first hunter shoots at the bear in the Moon of Falling Leaves. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The first hunter shoots at the bear in the Moon of Falling Leaves. Who acts: first hunter. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXV. the Great Bear in the Sky, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXV. the Great Bear in the Sky, sentence 12

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The first hunter shoots at the bear in the Moon of Falling Leaves.

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**Who acts:** first hunter · **What happens:** shoot, fall · **To what, where:** bear

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXV. the Great Bear in the Sky. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:50:12
# text = The first hunter shoots at the bear in the Moon of Falling Leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shoots	shoot	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	Falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	amod	_	_
13	Leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | present | the first hunter |  |  | the bear in the Moon of Falling Leaves |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent at bear=Destination |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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