---
title: A little pukwudjinnie came out of a hollow tree when the chief had c… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: A little pukwudjinnie came out of a hollow tree when the chief had chanted his story. Who acts: little pukwudjinnie. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVI. the North Star, sentence 13

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A little pukwudjinnie came out of a hollow tree when the chief had chanted his story.

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**Who acts:** little pukwudjinnie · **What happens:** come out, chant · **To what, where:** hollow tree, chief

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little pukwudjinnie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:51:13
# text = A little pukwudjinnie came out of a hollow tree when the chief had chanted his story.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pukwudjinnie	pukwudjinnie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	chanted	chant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past | a little pukwudjinnie | a hollow tree |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tree=Result |
| 2 | **chant** | past · perfect · passive |  | the chief |  |  |  | chief's story *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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