---
title: The pukwudjinnie left them; then the hunters put their blankets over… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The pukwudjinnie left them; then the hunters put their blankets over their heads and sat down. Who acts: pukwudjinnie, hunters. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVI. the North Star, sentence 22

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The pukwudjinnie left them; then the hunters put their blankets over their heads and sat down.

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**Who acts:** pukwudjinnie, hunters · **What happens:** leave, put, sit down · **To what, where:** hunters, blankets, heads

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pukwudjinnie, hunters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:51:22
# text = The pukwudjinnie left them; then the hunters put their blankets over their heads and sat down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pukwudjinnie	pukwudjinnie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	blankets	blanket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	down	down	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the pukwudjinnie | hunters *= hunter* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **put** | past | the hunters | hunters's blankets |  | hunters's heads | then |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent blanket=Theme over head=Destination |
| 3 | **sit down** | past | the hunters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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