---
title: He led them on a long trail, to the land of his Little People; he to… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He led them on a long trail, to the land of his Little People; he took them to his own chief. Who acts: pukwudjinnie. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVI. the North Star, sentence 27

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He led them on a long trail, to the land of his Little People; he took them to his own chief.

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**Who acts:** pukwudjinnie · **What happens:** lead, take · **To what, where:** hunters, long trail, own chief

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVI. the North Star. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pukwudjinnie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:51:27
# text = He led them on a long trail, to the land of his Little People; he took them to his own chief.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	Little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	People	People	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | pukwudjinnie | hunters *= hunter* |  | a long trail |  | to the land of pukwudjinnie's Little People | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme on trail=Destination |
| 2 | **take** | past | pukwudjinnie | hunters *= hunter* |  | pukwudjinnie's own chief |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to chief=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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