---
title: Keneu crossed the wild forest; he found his own village. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Keneu crossed the wild forest; he found his own village. Who acts: Keneu. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, sentence 11

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Keneu crossed the wild forest; he found his own village.

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**Who acts:** Keneu · **What happens:** cross, find · **To what, where:** wild forest, own village

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Keneu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:52:11
# text = Keneu crossed the wild forest; he found his own village.
1	Keneu	Keneu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | Keneu | the wild forest |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forest=Patient |
| 2 | **find** | past | Keneu | Keneu's own village |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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