--- title: When he was taken prisoner by his enemies in war, he had, unarmed, r… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics description: When he was taken prisoner by his enemies in war, he had, unarmed, run the gauntlet; he had escaped when all the strong men of his enemies had stood in two lines striking at him as he ran between the lines. Who acts: enemies, story, strong men, two lines. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [XXVII. the Star That Never Moves](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/) / 5 # Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, sentence 5 When he was taken prisoner by his enemies in war, he had, unarmed, run the gauntlet; he had escaped when all the strong men of his enemies had stood in two lines striking at him as he ran between the lines. **Who acts:** enemies, story, strong men, two lines · **What happens:** take, have, run, escape, stand, strike · **To what, where:** story, war, unarmed, gauntlet, two lines, lines This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enemies, story, strong men, two lines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg73136:52:5 # text = When he was taken prisoner by his enemies in war, he had, unarmed, run the gauntlet; he had escaped when all the strong men of his enemies had stood in two lines striking at him as he ran between the lines. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 prisoner prisoner NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 xcomp _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 unarmed unarmed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 run run VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 gauntlet gauntlet NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 escaped escape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 conj _ _ 24 when when SCONJ WRB _ 33 mark _ _ 25 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 28 det:predet _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 32 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 stood stand VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 23 advcl _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 37 striking strike VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 36 acl _ _ 38 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ _ 40 as as SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 41 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 advcl _ _ 43 between between ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past · passive | story's enemies | story | | war | | prisoner *xcomp* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Value in war=Location | | 2 | **have** | past | story | unarmed | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unarmed=Patient | | 3 | **run** | infinitive | | the gauntlet | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gauntlet=Trajectory | | 4 | **escape** | past · perfect | story | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **stand** | past · perfect | all strong men of story's enemies | | | two lines | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in line=Location | | 6 | **strike** | gerund | two lines *not said here* | | | | | at story | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at he=Patient | | 7 | **run** | past | story | | | the lines | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between line=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/4/) - next →: [sentence 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/6/) - ↑ back to [XXVII. the Star That Never Moves](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/)