---
title: He took his bundle and walking-stick and went to the top of the high… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He took his bundle and walking-stick and went to the top of the highest bluff. Who acts: Man. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIX. the Old Man in the Sky, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIX. the Old Man in the Sky, sentence 6

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He took his bundle and walking-stick and went to the top of the highest bluff.

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**Who acts:** Man · **What happens:** take, go · **To what, where:** bundle, top

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIX. the Old Man in the Sky. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:54:6
# text = He took his bundle and walking-stick and went to the top of the highest bluff.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bundle	bundle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	walking	walking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	17	amod	_	_
17	bluff	bluff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Man | Man's bundle and walking stick |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bundle=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | Man *not said here* |  |  | the top of the highest bluff |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to top=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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