---
title: A dance was always given to the echo god after a victory, and with t… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: A dance was always given to the echo god after a victory, and with this was given a great feast, but never until they had mourned for their dead and decided what to do with their captives. Who acts: tribes. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXIV. 
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXIV. the Echo God and the Northern Lights, sentence 13

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A dance was always given to the echo god after a victory, and with this was given a great feast, but never until they had mourned for their dead and decided what to do with their captives.

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**Who acts:** tribes · **What happens:** give, not mourn, decide, do · **To what, where:** dance, echo god, this

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXIV. the Echo God and the Northern Lights. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:59:13
# text = A dance was always given to the echo god after a victory, and with this was given a great feast, but never until they had mourned for their dead and decided what to do with their captives.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	echo	echo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
25	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	mourned	mourn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
34	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	36	obj	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
37	with	with	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | a dance | the echo god after a victory |  |  | always *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to god=Recipient |
| 2 | **give** | past · passive |  | this |  |  |  | a great feast *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient feast=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **mourn** | past · perfect | tribes *= tribe* |  |  |  |  | for tribes's dead | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for dead=Attribute |
| 4 | **decide** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with tribes's captives; what *obj* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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