---
title: Wampum, used by so many tribes for money, was carefully made from sh… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Wampum, used by so many tribes for money, was carefully made from shells by eastern Indians. Who acts: eastern Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Some Things the Indians Knew Before White Men Came, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Some Things the Indians Knew Before White Men Came, sentence 24

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Wampum, used by so many tribes for money, was carefully made from shells by eastern Indians.

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**Who acts:** eastern Indians · **What happens:** use, make · **To what, where:** Wampum, shells

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Some Things the Indians Knew Before White Men Came. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eastern Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:6:24
# text = Wampum, used by so many tribes for money, was carefully made from shells by eastern Indians.
1	Wampum	wampum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | Wampum *not said here* |  |  |  | by many tribes for money | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | past · passive | eastern Indians | Wampum |  | shells |  | carefully *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent subject=Product from shell=Material |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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