---
title: The land was very small there, and as the birds became men and women… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The land was very small there, and as the birds became men and women again, the place was very crowded. Who acts: land, birds, place. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXV. Legend of Mackinaw Island, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXV. Legend of Mackinaw Island, sentence 82

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The land was very small there, and as the birds became men and women again, the place was very crowded.

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**Who acts:** land, birds, place · **What happens:** be, become · **To what, where:** men

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXV. Legend of Mackinaw Island. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, birds, place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:60:82
# text = The land was very small there, and as the birds became men and women again, the place was very crowded.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	xcomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	very	very	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	crowded	crowded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the land |  |  | there |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | past | the birds | men and women |  |  | again |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | the place |  |  |  |  | crowded *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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