---
title: He asked for his wife, and they pointed to an old squaw, wrinkled an… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He asked for his wife, and they pointed to an old squaw, wrinkled and with her face bent to her knees. Who acts: tamanous, people. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 114

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He asked for his wife, and they pointed to an old squaw, wrinkled and with her face bent to her knees.

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**Who acts:** tamanous, people · **What happens:** ask, point, wrinkle, bend · **To what, where:** old squaw, face, knees

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tamanous, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:63:114
# text = He asked for his wife, and they pointed to an old squaw, wrinkled and with her face bent to her knees.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	pointed	point	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	squaw	squaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	bent	bend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | tamanous |  |  |  |  | for tamanous's wife | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **point** | past | people |  | a old squaw |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to squaw=Recipient |
| 3 | **wrinkle** | participle |  | a old squaw *not said here* |  |  |  | wife's face *conj* | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **bend** | participle |  | wife's face *not said here* |  | wife's knees |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to knee=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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