---
title: He waited at the foot of the great white snow mountain for the elk t… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He waited at the foot of the great white snow mountain for the elk to come. Who acts: fish. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 15

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He waited at the foot of the great white snow mountain for the elk to come.

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**Who acts:** fish · **What happens:** wait, come · **To what, where:** foot

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:63:15
# text = He waited at the foot of the great white snow mountain for the elk to come.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | fish |  |  | the foot of the great white snow mountain |  | for the elk | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at foot=Location |
| 2 | **come** | to-infinitive | fish *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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