---
title: Wahkandee followed the flying moccasins over rocks, roots, and crumb… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Wahkandee followed the flying moccasins over rocks, roots, and crumbling stones. Who acts: Wahkandee. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XL. the Magic Moccasins, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XL. the Magic Moccasins, sentence 22

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Wahkandee followed the flying moccasins over rocks, roots, and crumbling stones.

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**Who acts:** Wahkandee · **What happens:** follow, fly, crumble · **To what, where:** flying moccasins, rocks, stones

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XL. the Magic Moccasins. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wahkandee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:65:22
# text = Wahkandee followed the flying moccasins over rocks, roots, and crumbling stones.
1	Wahkandee	Wahkandee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	moccasins	moccasin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	crumbling	crumble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
13	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | past | Wahkandee | the flying moccasins |  | rocks and roots |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent moccasin=Theme over rock=Trajectory |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **crumble** | gerund | Wahkandee *not said here* | stones |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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