---
title: Peeping through the door he saw his son sitting up. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Peeping through the door he saw his son sitting up. Who acts: father, son. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast, sentence 29

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Peeping through the door he saw his son sitting up.

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**Who acts:** father, son · **What happens:** peep, see, sit up · **To what, where:** son · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XLI. Opechee the Robin Redbreast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:66:29
# text = Peeping through the door he saw his son sitting up.
1	Peeping	peep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | through the door | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through door=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | father | father's son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit up** | gerund | father's son *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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