--- title: Some one who has studied into the meanings of Indian words says that… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics description: Some one who has studied into the meanings of Indian words says that it means the “god of light,” or “ruler of the sun.” When you read marvelous stories of Menabozho remember then that the Indians who told these tales first had in mind one of their strong gods,—one who was swift and powerful as the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [Menabozho, or the Great White Hare](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/) / 15 # Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Menabozho, or the Great White Hare, sentence 15 Some one who has studied into the meanings of Indian words says that it means the “god of light,” or “ruler of the sun.” When you read marvelous stories of Menabozho remember then that the Indians who told these tales first had in mind one of their strong gods,—one who was swift and powerful as the light of the sun; one who was as kind as the sun is to the earth, bringing food and blessing to every one. **Who acts:** one, Hare, you, marvelous stories, Indians, earth · **What happens:** study, say, mean, read, remember, tell · **To what, where:** meanings, god, tales, mind, food, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Menabozho, or the Great White Hare. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, Hare, you, marvelous stories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg73136:69:15 # text = Some one who has studied into the meanings of Indian words says that it means the “god of light,” or “ruler of the sun.” When you read marvelous stories of Menabozho remember then that the Indians who told these tales first had in mind one of their strong gods,—one who was swift and powerful as the light of the sun; one who was as kind as the sun is to the earth, bringing food and blessing to every one. 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 3 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 4 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 studied study VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 acl:relcl _ _ 6 into into ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 meanings meaning NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 “ " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 god god NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 22 ” " PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 “ " PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ruler ruler NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 sun. sun. NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 29 ” " PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ 30 When when SCONJ WRB _ 32 mark _ _ 31 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 read read VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 33 marvelous marvelous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 Menabozho Menabozho PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 37 remember remember VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 parataxis _ _ 38 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 47 advmod _ _ 39 that that SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 Indians Indian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 47 nsubj _ _ 42 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 43 nsubj _ _ 43 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 acl:relcl _ _ 44 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 45 det _ _ 45 tales tale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ _ 46 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 47 advmod _ _ 47 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 ccomp _ _ 48 in in ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 mind mind NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 50 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 49 flat _ _ 51 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 52 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 53 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 amod _ _ 54 gods god NOUN NNS Number=Plur 50 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 55 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 56 — - PUNCT : _ 57 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 57 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 47 parataxis _ _ 58 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 60 nsubj _ _ 59 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 cop _ _ 60 swift swift ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 acl:relcl _ _ 61 and and CCONJ CC _ 62 cc _ _ 62 powerful powerful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 conj _ _ 63 as as ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 obl _ _ 66 of of ADP IN _ 68 case _ _ 67 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 68 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 69 ; ; PUNCT : _ 74 punct _ _ 70 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 74 nsubj _ _ 71 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 74 nsubj _ _ 72 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 74 cop _ _ 73 as as ADV RB _ 74 advmod _ _ 74 kind kind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 81 csubj _ _ 75 as as ADP IN _ 77 case _ _ 76 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 77 det _ _ 77 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 74 obl _ _ 78 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 81 cop _ _ 79 to to ADP IN _ 81 case _ _ 80 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 81 det _ _ 81 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 82 , , PUNCT , _ 83 punct _ _ 83 bringing bring VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 81 acl _ _ 84 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 83 obj _ _ 85 and and CCONJ CC _ 86 cc _ _ 86 blessing bless VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 83 conj _ _ 87 to to ADP IN _ 89 case _ _ 88 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 89 det _ _ 89 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 86 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 90 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **study** | present · perfect | some one | | | the meanings of Indian words | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some one | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **mean** | present | Hare | the god of light or ruler of the sun. | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Topic | | 4 | **read** | present | you | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **remember** | present | marvelous stories of Menabozho | | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Indians | this tales | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tale=Recipient | | 7 | **have** | past | the Indians | mind | | | then | one *parataxis*; first *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient | | 8 | **is** | past | | | | | | as the light of the sun; who *nsubj*; swift *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **be** | | | | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **is** | past | one | | | | | as the sun; the earth *nsubj*; kind *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **is** | present | | | | | | to the earth | tree rules | | 12 | **bring** | gerund | the earth *not said here* | food | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent food=Theme | | 13 | **bless** | gerund | the earth *not said here* | | every one | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 14 | **mean** | | | Indian words | | | | | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient | | 15 | **light** | | | the sun | | | | | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/14/) - next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/16/) - ↑ back to [Menabozho, or the Great White Hare](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/69/)