---
title: I must make land for us to stand on. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: I must make land for us to stand on. Who acts: I, us. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. Story of the Deluge, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, II. Story of the Deluge, sentence 11

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I must make land for us to stand on.

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**Who acts:** I, us · **What happens:** make, stand on · **To what, where:** land

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. Story of the Deluge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:71:11
# text = I must make land for us to stand on.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	stand	stand	VERB	VB	_	3	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | must | I | land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand on** | to-infinitive | us |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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