---
title: The wolf and her young ones played with the empty boxes when the mea… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The wolf and her young ones played with the empty boxes when the meat was gone; they broke them all, then ran toward the oak tree. Who acts: meat, wolf. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Menabozho Caught, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, III. Menabozho Caught, sentence 21

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The wolf and her young ones played with the empty boxes when the meat was gone; they broke them all, then ran toward the oak tree.

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**Who acts:** meat, wolf · **What happens:** play, be, break, run · **To what, where:** young ones, boxes, oak tree

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Menabozho Caught. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (meat, wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:72:21
# text = The wolf and her young ones played with the empty boxes when the meat was gone; they broke them all, then ran toward the oak tree.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
7	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
24	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | participle |  | wolf's young ones *not said here* |  |  |  | with the empty boxes | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with box=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the meat |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | past | the wolf and wolf's young ones | boxes *= box* |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient |
| 4 | **run** | past | the wolf and wolf's young ones *not said here* |  |  | the oak tree | then |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme toward tree=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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