---
title: Menabozho had a wolf who hunted for him. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Menabozho had a wolf who hunted for him. Who acts: Menabozho, wolf. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle, sentence 2

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Menabozho had a wolf who hunted for him.

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**Who acts:** Menabozho, wolf · **What happens:** have, hunt · **To what, where:** wolf

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Menabozho, wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:73:2
# text = Menabozho had a wolf who hunted for him.
1	Menabozho	Menabozho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Menabozho | a wolf |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Patient |
| 2 | **hunt** | past | a wolf |  |  |  |  | for Menabozho | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for he=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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