---
title: “My brother,” said Menabozho, “never cross the water, for the water… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: “My brother,” said Menabozho, “never cross the water, for the water manitous will catch you.” Who acts: brother, water. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle, sentence 3

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“My brother,” said Menabozho, “never cross the water, for the water manitous will catch you.”

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**Who acts:** brother, water · **What happens:** say, not cross, catch · **To what, where:** water, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. How the Kingfisher Got His Ring and His Ruffle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:73:3
# text = “My brother,” said Menabozho, “never cross the water, for the water manitous will catch you.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Menabozho	Menabozho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	manitous	manitous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
19	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | My brother |  |  |  |  | Menabozho *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **cross** *in a quote* | infinitive | My brother *not said here* | the water |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 3 | **catch** *in a quote* | future | the water | you |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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