---
title: He called the woodchuck his brother because he helped to hide Menabo… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He called the woodchuck his brother because he helped to hide Menabozho from the water manitous. Who acts: Menabozho. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho, sentence 11

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He called the woodchuck his brother because he helped to hide Menabozho from the water manitous.

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**Who acts:** Menabozho · **What happens:** call, help, hide · **To what, where:** woodchuck, Menabozho, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Menabozho), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:74:11
# text = He called the woodchuck his brother because he helped to hide Menabozho from the water manitous.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	woodchuck	woodchuck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	Menabozho	Menabozho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	manitous	manitous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | Menabozho | the woodchuck |  |  |  | Menabozho's brother *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent woodchuck=Recipient |
| 2 | **help** | past | Menabozho |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **hide** | to-infinitive | Menabozho *not said here* | Menabozho |  | the water |  | manitous *property* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent menabozho=Patient from water=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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