--- title: The mud turtle which was watching did not know that he was the stump… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics description: The mud turtle which was watching did not know that he was the stump, so they went to sleep; then Menabozho got back his wolfskin from under the manitou, and the manitou did not need it any more. Who acts: mud turtle, turtle, they, Menabozho. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/74/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/74/) / 4 # Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho, sentence 4 The mud turtle which was watching did not know that he was the stump, so they went to sleep; then Menabozho got back his wolfskin from under the manitou, and the manitou did not need it any more. **Who acts:** mud turtle, turtle, they, Menabozho, manitou · **What happens:** watch, not know, be, go, get back, not need · **To what, where:** stump, sleep, wolfskin, manitou This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mud turtle, turtle, they, Menabozho), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg73136:74:4 # text = The mud turtle which was watching did not know that he was the stump, so they went to sleep; then Menabozho got back his wolfskin from under the manitou, and the manitou did not need it any more. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 turtle turtle NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 watching watch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 acl:relcl _ _ 7 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 10 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 stump stump NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 22 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 24 advmod _ _ 23 Menabozho Menabozho PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 25 back back ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 wolfskin wolfskin NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 from from ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 under under ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 manitou manitou NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 manitou manitou NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 36 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 need need VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 parataxis _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 any any ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 38 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **watch** | past · progressive | the mud turtle | | | | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | the mud turtle | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **is a** | past | turtle | the stump | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | past | they | | | sleep | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sleep=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **get back** | past | Menabozho | Menabozho's wolfskin | | the manitou | then | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent wolfskin=Theme from manitou=Source | | 6 | **not** **need** | past · do-support | the manitou | wolfskin | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/74/3/) - next →: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/74/5/) - ↑ back to [V. How the Woodchuck Helped Menabozho](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/74/)