---
title: This island had miles of blackest pitch on all of its shores; not ev… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: This island had miles of blackest pitch on all of its shores; not even a water manitou could swim through this pitch. Who acts: island, water manitou. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish, with its dependency tr
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish, sentence 19

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This island had miles of blackest pitch on all of its shores; not even a water manitou could swim through this pitch.

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**Who acts:** island, water manitou · **What happens:** have, not swim · **To what, where:** miles, shores, pitch

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (island, water manitou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:75:19
# text = This island had miles of blackest pitch on all of its shores; not even a water manitou could swim through this pitch.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	blackest	black	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	shores	shore	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
15	even	even	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	manitou	manitou	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
21	through	through	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | this island | miles of blackest pitch |  | island's shores |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mile=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **swim** | could | a water manitou |  |  | this pitch |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through pitch=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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