---
title: A woodpecker called out, “Hit him in the back, Menabozho!” — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: A woodpecker called out, “Hit him in the back, Menabozho!” Who acts: woodpecker. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish, sentence 24

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A woodpecker called out, “Hit him in the back, Menabozho!”

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**Who acts:** woodpecker · **What happens:** call out, hit · **To what, where:** woodpecker, Manitou, back · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. Menabozho Swallowed By a Large Fish. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woodpecker), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:75:24
# text = A woodpecker called out, “Hit him in the back, Menabozho!”
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woodpecker	woodpecker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Hit	hit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Menabozho	Menabozho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call out** *speech: express* | participle |  | a woodpecker *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hit** *in a quote* | infinitive | a woodpecker | Manitou |  | the back |  | Menabozho *obj* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent he=Patient menabozho=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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