---
title: “One fall our tribe was out hunting, and a thunder-bird flew down on… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: “One fall our tribe was out hunting, and a thunder-bird flew down on the ground just a little way from them. Who acts: thunder bird. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, sentence 14

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“One fall our tribe was out hunting, and a thunder-bird flew down on the ground just a little way from them.

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**Who acts:** thunder bird · **What happens:** be, fly down · **To what, where:** fall hunting, little way, ground

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thunder bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:76:14
# text = “One fall our tribe was out hunting, and a thunder-bird flew down on the ground just a little way from them.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	down	down	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	just	just	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | past |  | fall hunting |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly down** *in a quote* | past | a thunder bird | a little way from wings |  | the ground |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent on ground=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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