---
title: “The thunder spirit gave the Indians thunder and wild rice. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: “The thunder spirit gave the Indians thunder and wild rice. Who acts: thunder spirit. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas, sentence 46

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“The thunder spirit gave the Indians thunder and wild rice.

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**Who acts:** thunder spirit · **What happens:** give · **To what, where:** Indians thunder

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VII. the Thunder-bird of the Dakotas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thunder spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:76:46
# text = “The thunder spirit gave the Indians thunder and wild rice.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	compound	_	_
8	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | past | the thunder spirit | the Indians thunder and wild rice |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thunder=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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