---
title: These three Indians had come on a long trail from their country, and… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: These three Indians had come on a long trail from their country, and it was a new trail, for they had made it themselves. Who acts: three Indians, country, Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations, with its dependen
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How He United the Five Nations, sentence 2

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These three Indians had come on a long trail from their country, and it was a new trail, for they had made it themselves.

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**Who acts:** three Indians, country, Indians · **What happens:** come, be, make · **To what, where:** long trail, new trail, country

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three Indians, country, Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:77:2
# text = These three Indians had come on a long trail from their country, and it was a new trail, for they had made it themselves.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past · perfect | this three Indians |  |  | a long trail from Indians's country |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on trail=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | past | country | a new trail |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect | Indians *= indian* | country |  |  |  | Indians *= indian* *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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