---
title: Then Hiawatha stepped into his white stone canoe, and it went to the… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Hiawatha stepped into his white stone canoe, and it went to the place of the great council, where the chiefs waited. Who acts: Hiawatha, canoe, chiefs. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations, with its dependency tree 
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How He United the Five Nations, sentence 57

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Then Hiawatha stepped into his white stone canoe, and it went to the place of the great council, where the chiefs waited.

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**Who acts:** Hiawatha, canoe, chiefs · **What happens:** step, go, wait · **To what, where:** white stone canoe, place

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiawatha, canoe, chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:77:57
# text = Then Hiawatha stepped into his white stone canoe, and it went to the place of the great council, where the chiefs waited.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Hiawatha	Hiawatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	24	advmod	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
24	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step** | past | Hiawatha |  |  | Hiawatha's white stone canoe | then |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into canoe=Destination |
| 2 | **go** | past | canoe |  |  | the place of the great council |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **wait** | past | the chiefs |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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