---
title: “The Senecas who live in the forest, and whose trails are found all… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: “The Senecas who live in the forest, and whose trails are found all over the land, shall be the fourth nation, for they have much wisdom in hunting. Who acts: Senecas. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations, with its depen
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How He United the Five Nations, sentence 81

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“The Senecas who live in the forest, and whose trails are found all over the land, shall be the fourth nation, for they have much wisdom in hunting.

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**Who acts:** Senecas · **What happens:** live, find, be, have · **To what, where:** forest, trails, land, fourth nation, much wisdom, hunting

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Senecas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:77:81
# text = “The Senecas who live in the forest, and whose trails are found all over the land, shall be the fourth nation, for they have much wisdom in hunting.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Senecas	seneca	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	trails	trail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
15	all	all	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	fourth	fourth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	24	amod	_	_
24	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
29	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** *in a quote* | present | the Senecas |  |  | the forest |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location |
| 2 | **find** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | trails |  | the land |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | shall | the Senecas | the fourth nation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Senecas *= seneca* | much wisdom |  | hunting |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wisdom=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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