---
title: Mounds like small hills have been found by the white men near lakes… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Mounds like small hills have been found by the white men near lakes and streams. Who acts: white men. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IX. Wampum or Indian Money, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/78/15/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [IX. Wampum or Indian Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/78/) / 15

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IX. Wampum or Indian Money, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mounds like small hills have been found by the white men near lakes and streams.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** white men · **What happens:** find · **To what, where:** Mounds

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IX. Wampum or Indian Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:78:15
# text = Mounds like small hills have been found by the white men near lakes and streams.
1	Mounds	mound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	near	near	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · perfect · passive | the white men near lakes and streams | Mounds like small hills |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/78/14/)
- next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/78/16/)
- ↑ back to [IX. Wampum or Indian Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/78/)