---
title: It was lifted back, and he saw a beautiful Indian maiden. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: It was lifted back, and he saw a beautiful Indian maiden. Who acts: Peboan. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. Legend of the Arbutus, sentence 29

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It was lifted back, and he saw a beautiful Indian maiden.

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**Who acts:** Peboan · **What happens:** lift back, see · **To what, where:** sound, beautiful Indian maiden

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Peboan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:79:29
# text = It was lifted back, and he saw a beautiful Indian maiden.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift back** | past · passive |  | sound |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | Peboan | a beautiful Indian maiden |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer maiden=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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