---
title: The waters stand still; the leaves fall and die.” — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The waters stand still; the leaves fall and die.” Who acts: waters, leaves. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/44/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [X. Legend of the Arbutus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/) / 44

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. Legend of the Arbutus, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The waters stand still; the leaves fall and die.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** waters, leaves · **What happens:** stand, fall, die

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. Legend of the Arbutus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waters, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:79:44
# text = The waters stand still; the leaves fall and die.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	die	die	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | the waters |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fall** | present | the leaves |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **die** | present | the leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/43/)
- next →: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/45/)
- ↑ back to [X. Legend of the Arbutus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/79/)