---
title: Other Indian tribes and nations have kept long records by means of s… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Other Indian tribes and nations have kept long records by means of similar sticks, but the account given by this people is the longest Indian history. Who acts: account. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Records, with its dependency tree and
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Records, sentence 15

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Other Indian tribes and nations have kept long records by means of similar sticks, but the account given by this people is the longest Indian history.

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**Who acts:** account · **What happens:** keep, mean, give, be · **To what, where:** Other Indian tribes, account, longest Indian history

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Records. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (account), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:8:15
# text = Other Indian tribes and nations have kept long records by means of similar sticks, but the account given by this people is the longest Indian history.
1	Other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	records	record	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
19	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	longest	long	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	27	amod	_	_
26	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · perfect · passive |  | Other Indian tribes and nations |  |  |  | long records *obj* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme record=Attribute |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of similar sticks | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** | participle |  | the account *not said here* |  |  |  | by this people | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the account | the longest Indian history |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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