---
title: These marked the gateway of the Happy Hunting Grounds. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: These marked the gateway of the Happy Hunting Grounds. Who acts: These. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most, sentence 37

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These marked the gateway of the Happy Hunting Grounds.

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**Who acts:** These · **What happens:** mark · **To what, where:** gateway

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:80:37
# text = These marked the gateway of the Happy Hunting Grounds.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	marked	mark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gateway	gateway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	Happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Grounds	grounds	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mark** | past | These | the gateway of the Happy Hunting Grounds |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent gateway=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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