---
title: All the world had fire now, and there has always been enough since t… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: All the world had fire now, and there has always been enough since the muskrat dropped the first coal. Who acts: world, muskrat. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World, with its dependency tree an
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World, sentence 36

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All the world had fire now, and there has always been enough since the muskrat dropped the first coal.

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**Who acts:** world, muskrat · **What happens:** have, be, drop · **To what, where:** fire, first coal

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (world, muskrat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:82:36
# text = All the world had fire now, and there has always been enough since the muskrat dropped the first coal.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	13	advmod	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
13	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
14	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	muskrat	muskrat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	20	amod	_	_
20	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | all world | fire |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | all world *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | always, enough *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **drop** | past | the muskrat | the first coal |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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