---
title: All the Indians came to this old chief’s teepee and begged for a lit… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: All the Indians came to this old chief’s teepee and begged for a little light. Who acts: Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World, sentence 5

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All the Indians came to this old chief’s teepee and begged for a little light.

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**Who acts:** Indians · **What happens:** come, beg · **To what, where:** teepee

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. How Light, Fire, and Water First Came to the World. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:82:5
# text = All the Indians came to this old chief’s teepee and begged for a little light.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’s	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	teepee	teepee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	begged	beg	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | all Indians |  |  | this old chief's teepee |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to teepee=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **beg** *speech: request* | participle | all Indians *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a little light | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent for light=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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