---
title: The Dakotas were strong tribes and were called The Seven Council Fir… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The Dakotas were strong tribes and were called The Seven Council Fires. Who acts: Dakotas. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, sentence 29

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The Dakotas were strong tribes and were called The Seven Council Fires.

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**Who acts:** Dakotas · **What happens:** be, call · **To what, where:** strong tribes, Council Fires · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:86:29
# text = The Dakotas were strong tribes and were called The Seven Council Fires.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dakotas	dakota	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
9	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	Seven	Seven	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Council	Council	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Dakotas | strong tribes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | past · passive | the Dakotas *not said here* | the Council Fires |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: fire=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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