---
title: The land creatures often attempt to outwit him; many humorous storie… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The land creatures often attempt to outwit him; many humorous stories told of him by the Ojibways have become famous as a part of the story of Hiawatha. Who acts: land creatures, many humorous stories, Ojibways. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Ke
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, sentence 85

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The land creatures often attempt to outwit him; many humorous stories told of him by the Ojibways have become famous as a part of the story of Hiawatha.

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**Who acts:** land creatures, many humorous stories, Ojibways · **What happens:** attempt, outwit, tell, become · **To what, where:** form · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land creatures, many humorous stories, Ojibways), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:86:85
# text = The land creatures often attempt to outwit him; many humorous stories told of him by the Ojibways have become famous as a part of the story of Hiawatha.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	creatures	creature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	attempt	attempt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	outwit	outwit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Ojibways	ojibway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
21	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	xcomp	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Hiawatha	Hiawatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attempt** | present | the land creatures |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **outwit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the land creatures *not said here* | form |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot he=Theme |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | many humorous stories |  |  |  |  | of form | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **become** | present · perfect | the Ojibways |  |  |  |  | famous *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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