---
title: This wampum belt was given to its first white owner as a solemn toke… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: This wampum belt was given to its first white owner as a solemn token that they would keep their pledge. Who acts: belts. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [Wampum Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/) / 11

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This wampum belt was given to its first white owner as a solemn token that they would keep their pledge.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** belts · **What happens:** give, keep, pledge · **To what, where:** wampum belt, first white owner, pledge

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (belts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:9:11
# text = This wampum belt was given to its first white owner as a solemn token that they would keep their pledge.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	wampum	wampum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	solemn	solemn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	token	token	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | this wampum belt | Society's first white owner |  |  | as a solemn token | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to owner=Recipient |
| 2 | **keep** | would | belts *= belt* | belts's pledge |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme |
| 3 | **pledge** |  | belts *= belt* |  |  |  |  |  | nom pledge «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/10/)
- next →: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/12/)
- ↑ back to [Wampum Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/)