---
title: Wampum belts of great historic value are kept by the Onondaga Indian… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Wampum belts of great historic value are kept by the Onondaga Indians; the finest of these is called the George Washington belt. Who acts: Onondaga Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 18

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Wampum belts of great historic value are kept by the Onondaga Indians; the finest of these is called the George Washington belt.

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**Who acts:** Onondaga Indians · **What happens:** keep, call · **To what, where:** Wampum belts, finest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Onondaga Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:9:18
# text = Wampum belts of great historic value are kept by the Onondaga Indians; the finest of these is called the George Washington belt.
1	Wampum	wampum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	historic	historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Onondaga	Onondaga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	finest	fine	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	15	nmod	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	George	George	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	Washington	Washington	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	_
23	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · passive | the Onondaga Indians | Wampum belts of great historic value |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | the finest of these |  |  |  | the George belt *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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