---
title: It was necessary for the whites in the very early times to have this… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: It was necessary for the whites in the very early times to have this Indian money ready when they wished to purchase furs or other supplies of their wild neighbors. Who acts: belts. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money, with its dependenc
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 24

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It was necessary for the whites in the very early times to have this Indian money ready when they wished to purchase furs or other supplies of their wild neighbors.

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**Who acts:** belts · **What happens:** be, have, wish, purchase · **To what, where:** Indian money, furs

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (belts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:9:24
# text = It was necessary for the whites in the very early times to have this Indian money ready when they wished to purchase furs or other supplies of their wild neighbors.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	necessary	necessary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	whites	white	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
15	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	purchase	purchase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	furs	fur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	supplies	supplies	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	23	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
29	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	neighbors	neighbor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | for the whites in the early times; necessary *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | this Indian money |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient |
| 3 | **wish** | past | belts *= belt* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **purchase** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | belts *= belt* *not said here* | furs or other supplies of belts's wild neighbors |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fur=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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