---
title: Old belts and strings of beads, so slowly made by hand, are very val… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Old belts and strings of beads, so slowly made by hand, are very valuable. Who acts: Old belts. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 36

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Old belts and strings of beads, so slowly made by hand, are very valuable.

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**Who acts:** Old belts · **What happens:** make, be · **To what, where:** Old belts

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Old belts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:9:36
# text = Old belts and strings of beads, so slowly made by hand, are very valuable.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	strings	string	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	very	very	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	valuable	valuable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | Old belts and strings of beads *not said here* |  |  |  | by hand; slowly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is** | present | Old belts and strings of beads |  |  |  |  | valuable *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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