--- title: Lower down the Heathcote, where the broad tidal shallows are, the Ma… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics description: Lower down the Heathcote, where the broad tidal shallows are, the Maoris gave the place an equally appropriate name; they called it O-hikaparuparu, which may be translated as “The spot where So-and-so fell in the mud,” or “Stick-in-the-mud,” which serves equally well to-day. Who acts: broad tidal sh --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/107/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Ca…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/) / [The Port Hills and Their Names.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/) / 107 # Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 107 Lower down the Heathcote, where the broad tidal shallows are, the Maoris gave the place an equally appropriate name; they called it O-hikaparuparu, which may be translated as “The spot where So-and-so fell in the mud,” or “Stick-in-the-mud,” which serves equally well to-day. **Who acts:** broad tidal shallows, Maoris, names, spot · **What happens:** be, give, call, translate, fall · **To what, where:** place, Heathcote, serves, mud · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (broad tidal shallows, Maoris, names, spot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg73766:10:107 # text = Lower down the Heathcote, where the broad tidal shallows are, the Maoris gave the place an equally appropriate name; they called it O-hikaparuparu, which may be translated as “The spot where So-and-so fell in the mud,” or “Stick-in-the-mud,” which serves equally well to-day. 1 Lower low ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 15 advmod _ _ 2 down down ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Heathcote Heathcote PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 6 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 11 advmod _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 broad broad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 9 tidal tidal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 shallows shallow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 Maoris Maoris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 19 equally equally ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 appropriate appropriate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 O of ADP IN Abbr=Yes 28 case _ SpaceAfter=No 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 hikaparuparu hikaparuparu X FW Foreign=Yes 24 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 translated translate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 acl _ _ 34 as as ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 “ " PUNCT `` _ 37 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 spot spot NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl:agent _ _ 38 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 44 advmod _ _ 39 So so ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 40 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 44 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 42 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 41 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 43 so so ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 44 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 advcl _ _ 45 in in ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 49 ” " PUNCT '' _ 47 punct _ _ 50 or or CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 51 “ " PUNCT `` _ 58 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 52 Stick stick NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 53 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 58 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 in in ADP IN _ 58 case _ SpaceAfter=No 55 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 54 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ SpaceAfter=No 57 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 56 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 58 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 59 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 60 ” " PUNCT '' _ 58 punct _ _ 61 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 62 det _ _ 62 serves serve NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obj _ _ 63 equally equally ADV RB _ 67 advmod _ _ 64 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 67 advmod _ _ 65 to to ADP IN _ 67 case _ SpaceAfter=No 66 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 65 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 67 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 68 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **does** | present | the broad tidal shallows | | | | | down the Heathcote | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **give** | past | the Maoris | the place | | | | a appropriate name *obj*; low *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent place=Recipient name=Theme | | 3 | **call** *speech: assert* | past | names *= name* | Heathcote | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient | | 4 | **translate** | may · passive | the spot | | | | | which *nsubj:pass* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | | 5 | **fall** *in a quote* | past | the spot *not said here* | which serves | | the mud or the mud Stick | to day | | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient serve=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 106](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/106/) - next →: [sentence 108](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/108/) - ↑ back to [The Port Hills and Their Names.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/)