---
title: And further out still, there is Tuawera, the Cave Rock at Sumner, to… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And further out still, there is Tuawera, the Cave Rock at Sumner, to which belongs a legend of love and wizardry and revenge, to be narrated at another time, in which the chief figures were a girl from Akaroa named Hine-ao or “Daughter of the Dawn,” the chief Turaki-po, of “The Outpost” village, and
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 113

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And further out still, there is Tuawera, the Cave Rock at Sumner, to which belongs a legend of love and wizardry and revenge, to be narrated at another time, in which the chief figures were a girl from Akaroa named Hine-ao or “Daughter of the Dawn,” the chief Turaki-po, of “The Outpost” village, and Te Ake, the \_tohunga\_ of Akaroa.

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**Who acts:** Tuawera, chief figures · **What happens:** be, belong, narrate, name · **To what, where:** legend, girl, Akaroa, Hine ao

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tuawera, chief figures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:10:113
# text = And further out still, there is Tuawera, the Cave Rock at Sumner, to which belongs a legend of love and wizardry and revenge, to be narrated at another time, in which the chief figures were a girl from Akaroa named Hine-ao or “Daughter of the Dawn,” the chief Turaki-po, of “The Outpost” village, and Te Ake, the _tohunga_ of Akaroa.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	further	further	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
3	out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	advcl	_	_
8	Tuawera	Tuawera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Cave	Cave	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Rock	Rock	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Sumner	Sumner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	belongs	belong	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	wizardry	wizardry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	revenge	revenge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	narrated	narrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
31	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	33	det	_	_
33	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	obl	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
40	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	parataxis	_	_
43	from	from	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	Akaroa	Akaroa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	named	name	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
46	Hine	Hine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	48	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	ao	ao	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	_
49	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
50	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	51	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	Daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	_
52	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	Dawn	Dawn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	61	punct	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
58	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
59	Turaki	Turaki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	61	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	59	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	po	po	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	68	punct	_	_
63	of	of	ADP	IN	_	68	case	_	_
64	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	68	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	66	det	_	_
66	Outpost	Outpost	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	68	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
67	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	66	punct	_	_
68	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	79	punct	_	_
70	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	79	cc	_	_
71	Te	Te	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	79	nsubj	_	_
72	Ake	Ake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	71	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	76	punct	_	_
74	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	76	det	_	_
75	_	_	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	76	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	tohunga	tohunga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	71	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
77	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	79	punct	_	_
78	of	of	ADP	IN	_	79	case	_	_
79	Akaroa	Akaroa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
80	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	45	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | Tuawera |  |  | there | still | further *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **belong** | present |  | a legend of love and wizardry and revenge |  |  |  | which *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **narrate** *speech: other* | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V» |
| 4 | **is a** | past | the chief figures | a girl |  | Akaroa |  | which *obl* | tree rules |
| 5 | **name** | past |  | Hine ao or Daughter of the Dawn and the chief Turaki po and Outpost village |  |  |  | of Akaroa  Te | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ao=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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